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| | | | World History timeline |
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| 1879 |
| | | Zulu tribesmen surprise and annihilate a British army encamped near Isandhlwana | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Immediately after Isandhlwana a tiny British garrison at Rorke's Drift fights off an overwhelming Zulu attack | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Tchaikovsky's opera Eugene Onegin, based on Pushkin's poem, has its premiere in Moscow | |
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| 1879 |
| | | The young daughter of an amateur archaeologist discovers the first known example of prehistoric art, in a cave at Altamira in Spain | |
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| 1879 |
| | | The ancient Irish game of hurling is formalized by the newly founded Irish Hurling Union | |
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| 1879 |
| | | A congress in Paris, with Ferdinand de Lesseps as president, decides to construct a canal from coast to coast in Panama | |
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| 1879 |
| | | English physicist Joseph Swan receives a patent for bromide paper, which becomes the standard material for printing photographs | |
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| 1879 |
| | | US author Joel Chandler Harris introduces Uncle Remus in a story in the Constitution | |
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| 1879 |
| | | George Goldie and British traders on the Niger form the United African Company (later the Royal Niger Company) to consolidate their interests | |
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| 1879 |
| | | The British destruction of Cetshwayo's kraal at Ulundi ends the Zulu War | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Mary Baker Eddy and others found the first Church of Christ, Scientist, in Lynn, Massachusetts | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Henrik Ibsen's play A Doll's House signals a new direction in drama in its frank treatment of tensions within a marriage | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Cetshwayo is captured by the British and is exiled to 'Cape Town | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Thomas Edison develops a long-lasting carbon filament light bulb (traditionally 40 hours) and is able to light his Menlo Park laboratory with 30 bulbs | |
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| 1879 |
| | | An entire train, full of passengers, falls into the river Tay in Scotland when a bridge collapses in a winter gale | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Henry James's story Daisy Miller, about an American girl abroad, brings him a new readership | |
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| 1880 |
| | | Buenos Aires is finally accepted as the permanent capital city of Argentina | |
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| 1880 |
| | | For the second time Gladstone replaces Disraeli as Britain's prime minister, following a Liberal election victory over the Conservatives | |
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| 1880 |
| | | Gustave Flaubert dies, with his novel Bouvard et Pécuchet incomplete | |
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| 1880 |
| | | French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza forestalls Stanley in opening up the Congo, reaching Stanley Pool ahead of him | |
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| 1880 |
| | | Russian composer Alexander Borodin writes In the Steppes of Central Asia as part of the silver jubilee celebrations for Alexander II | |
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| 1880 |
| | | Dostoevsky publishes his novel The Brothers Karamazov, featuring the four sons of the depraved Feodor Pavlovich Karamazov | |
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| 1880 |
| | | Johannes Brahms' Academic Festival Overture is performed first at Breslau university, which has conferred on him an honorary Ph.D. | |
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| 1880 |
| | | US author Lew Wallace publishes a historical novel, Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ | |
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| 1880 |
| | | Republican candidate James Abram Garfield defeats Democrat Winfield Scott Hancock in the US presidential election | |
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| 1881 |
| | | Boston lawyer Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr publishes a legal study that becomes a classic text, The Common Law | |
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| 1881 |
| | | The Boers inflict a convincing defeat on a British army at Majuba, in the Transvaal | |
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| 1881 |
| | | The first pogroms, or officially sanctioned attacks on Jews and their property, take place in Russia | |
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| 1881 |
| | | Russia's reforming tsar, Alexander II, is killed by hand-made grenades thrown at his carriage in St Petersburg | |
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